The fungal lesions of the skin and nail plates are the most common dermatological diseases, according to the statistical data of the World Health Association. They provide a large amount of inconveniences to a person, chain his domestic life, violate the usual bioritmus. The mushroom treatment is long and expensive. Therefore, the previous diagnostics are made, faster you can start treatment, preventing the development of complications.
What is a mushroom on the legs?
The mushroom of the skin of the legs and nails is an infectious disease that affects the upper layer of the epidermis of the feet and the plates of the fingering of the toes. The onychomycosis (medical name for pathology) occurs due to skin lesions these types of microorganisms such as mold, yeast, candid -type mushrooms, dermatomices, dermatophytes. The groups of microorganisms data are able to live and multiply on the human body, gradually influencing healthy cells. Very often, the mushroom is found in men, since their microflora, more suitable for the development of fungal infections.
In a medical classification, there are about 50 different types of mushrooms. About 85% of fungal lesions are caused by dermatomiceti. The type of candid mushroom becomes the cause of the disease, about 10% - 12% of cases. The remaining small percentage is part of mycotic mold microorganisms, which actively multiply with non -compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.
The intensity of the diffusion and the degree of progression of fungal diseases depend on many factors: a climate that promotes the reproduction of this type of bacteria; social conditions of human residence; age criterion; individual characteristics of the body; immunity. Very often, people face a mushroom, after 50 years, since their level pH is much weaker and is unable to suppress this type of microorganisms.
The reasons for the formation of the mushroom on the legs
The penetration of mycotic organisms in the skin leads to the development of fungal infection. Due to the presence of proteolytic enzymes, mushrooms easily penetrate the surface tissues of the epidermis and the protein structure allows them to develop and actively keep in their place.
The body's immune system is able to independently suppress the pathogenic environment, but sometimes this is not enough. On the surface of the skin, they contain special bacteria that support acid balance. The alkaline environment is unfavorable for the development of fungal infections, therefore the mycelium, which falls on a healthy skin, dies after a while. But there are a series of factors that allow mushrooms to get used to the skin:
- mechanical damage to the skin (cuts, scratches, burns);
- aggressive exposure to domestic chemicals, reducing the acid-based balance of the skin (frequent intake of a shower with shampoo or gel, feet deodorants, prolonged contact with water);
- In the long term wearing synthetic materials, causing active sweating (synthetic socks, shoes for bare feet);
- Hyperhydrosis - increase in sweating associated with the individual characteristics of the body;
- The anatomical characteristics of the construction of the foot, such as the flat feet or the restricted spaces between the fingers (worsen the quality of hygiene in these areas), which contributes to the poor ventilation of the feet;
- Growth too fast of the nails, nails that cultivate in the skin;
- varicose diseases;
- the climatic characteristics of the region (moderate or cold climate, in which it is necessary to constantly wear closed heating shoes);
- immune and hormonal -related immune changes;
- the presence of pathologies that affect the state of the immune system (diabetes, HIV infection, obesity, dystrophy);
- assume antibiotics, cytostatic agents, contraceptives;
- Frequent use of antiseptic agents (gel, napkins, special solutions for skin processing).
The penetration of the mushroom in the nail plates of the toes of the feet occurs as follows:
- The mushroom penetrates from the free nail edge (which is cut). Therefore, the development of the disease begins under the nail itself, gradually deforming the free edge and spreading deep into healthy areas. This form of the mushroom is the simplest and easiest.
- Dorsal vehicles (from the cuticle). This method of damage to the nail plates is less common. It is characteristic only for Dermatomicetov. The dorsal defeat involves the rapid destruction of the nail plate as quickly as possible.
- For damage to the proximal roller. This is the rarest and most serious form of the nail fungus. The disease leads to the destruction of the structure of the nail phalanx itself. If you don't start treatment in time, you can lose your nail forever, since it will not be able to grow again. The use of ointments, gels and liquids in this form of the mushroom is absolutely ineffective.
In a large risk group, there are people who often visit public places: sports clubs, public showers, swimming pools, beaches with water bodies, saunas or bathrooms. In addition, people who acquire shoes and clothes already worn or change them with friends or acquaintances are very at risk.
Symptoms of the feet mushroom and nails on the legs
The symptoms and the course of the disease depend mainly on the type of microorganisms that caused this disease. Another factor is the age compared to the elderly person, the more the symptoms will be the symptoms and the process of damage to the skin and the nail is significantly accelerated.
Despite the individual course of the disease, as regards the type of bacteria and the characteristics of the body, there are general symptoms with which it is possible to recognize a fungal infection:
- In the presence of a mushroom on the skin of the legs, fabric compaction occurs, in particular on the phalanges of the fingers. As a rule, the skin lights up, dries, begins to detach. Peeling is accompanied by unpleasant itching. The omen of the injury of the nail plates is the inflammation of the roller near the border. The mushroom that affects the skin of the nail roller is accompanied by an inflammatory process. When it is pressed on the skin, a person feels pain, there is discomfort when wearing closed shoes.
- If they are nails themselves, the symptoms appear gradually. First of all, you can see small changes in the color of the nail, it becomes more muddy and is covered by a white haze. If the cause of the mushroom became dermatomices, it begins to be divided. In addition, the color of the nail plates occurs, they become more yellow, after which they begin to compact. After sealing, the deformation of the nails occurs, the falating nails begin to turn, the nail begins to color gradually.
In the process of development of the disease, a person feels a little pain and itching, there is the desire to scratch under a nail. In addition, for the mushroom of the skin, a characteristic bitterness smell, which is very tangible in a narrow and closed space.
Treatment of the mushroom of the skin and nails on the legs
The treatment of skin plates and nails is significantly different. Therefore, the presence of both types of mushrooms involves complex therapy. For the treatment of skin mushrooms, ointments, gels or creams are often used:
- Sulfuric ointment. It destroys the protein membranes of mushrooms, preventing their reproduction. The ointment perfectly alleviates the itching and eliminates inflammation.
- Undine of zinc. It is often used in the treatment complex of skin mushrooms, accelerating the healing process of wounds.
- Salicylic ointment. This tool is effective for all types of skin mushrooms. The course of treatment is only 2 weeks.
For the treatment of more serious forms of fungal infections caused by mycotic molds, uses drugs to take inside. The essence of this treatment is based on two principles:
- Destroy the mushroom in the active development phase.
- Stop the growth of the pathogenic microflora.
Before starting the treatment, it is necessary to examine all the necessary medical studies and determine the type of microorganisms that caused the mushroom. Only on the basis of these data, the doctor will be able to prescribe effective treatment.
Prevention and treatment of the mushroom on the legs with popular remedies
As already mentioned, the formation of a mushroom on the skin of the feet and nails of the legs is associated with the fall of the natural level of the alkaline balance PH5. 5. It is the alkaline balance that prevents the development of pathogenic microflora. Therefore, the treatment of the mushroom with popular remedies aimed precisely to increase the acidic-basic balance of the skin. Effective house methods Mushroom Fight at home can be attributed to the following:
- An alkaline bath. In three liters of hot water, dissolve a spoonful of ordinary stone salt (even better iodized) and soda bastard. Immerse yourself in such a solution of the leg, having previously eliminated the skin and keep for 15 minutes.
- Bath based on vinegar and iodine. Add to a pelvis with hot water, half a glass of table vinegar and 10 drops of iodine. Lower your legs for 15 minutes. In the absence of time, you can simply moisten two cotton swabs in vinegar and clean each foot with your nails. If the skin has foci of fungal infection, they should be lubricated with iodine so that the mushroom does not spread.
- Lemon juice. Squeeze the juice of a lemon and add a pinch of salt. Moisten a cotton swab in the juice and treat all the affected areas of the skin and also the nails. Repeat the procedure three times a day.
These procedures will serve as an excellent prevention of mushrooms for people who guide an active lifestyle, visiting sports complexes, swimming pools. For preventive purposes, one procedure per week is sufficient. For the treatment of simple forms of fungal infection, the therapy is carried out daily for a week. Although these methods do not help to eliminate the mushroom, they will be able to slow down the development of pathogenic microorganisms, to your visit to the dermatologist.